{"id":4750,"date":"2024-05-30T08:15:09","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T08:15:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/api-enfance.ca\/?page_id=4750"},"modified":"2026-09-08T17:11:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T17:11:22","slug":"indigenous-languages-and-cultures","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/api-enfance.ca\/en\/indigenous-languages-and-cultures\/","title":{"rendered":"Indigenous Languages and Cultures"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”12″ back_image=”5072″ back_position=”center center” overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”413880″][vc_column column_width_percent=”40″ position_horizontal=”left” position_vertical=”middle” gutter_size=”2″ override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”2″ style=”dark” overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″ uncode_shortcode_id=”104056″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-xsdn” heading_semantic=”h6″ text_font=”font-555555″ text_size=”fontsize-114760″ text_weight=”800″ uncode_shortcode_id=”302351″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]Indigenous Languages and Cultures<\/p>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=”1″][vc_button button_color=”color-606832″ size=”btn-lg” border_width=”0″ link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fapi-enfance.ca%2Finnu-aimuna-mak-innu-aituna%2F” button_color_type=”uncode-palette” uncode_shortcode_id=”185567″]Consult this training session in Innu-aimun <\/br> <\/br> Tshetshi natu-tshissenitakanit anite tipan ka mamuitunanut[\/vc_button][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″ uncode_shortcode_id=”167417″][vc_row_inner limit_content=””][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_vertical=”middle” align_horizontal=”align_center” gutter_size=”0″ back_image=”5265″ back_repeat=”inherit” back_attachment=”inherit” back_position=”center center” overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″ uncode_shortcode_id=”207978″][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”131165″ css=”.vc_custom_1719562152277{padding-right: 4% !important;padding-left: 4% !important;}”]<\/p>\n

This training session is intended for Indigenous families, and anyone interested in better understanding the language development of children from these <\/span>backgrounds<\/span>. <\/span>Discover how much<\/span> their rich linguistic and cultural backgrounds <\/span>contributes to <\/span>their development. You<\/span> will also learn how<\/span> bilingualism or multilingualism can influence communication and learning. <\/span>Lastly<\/span>, you <\/span>will understand<\/span> the importance of <\/span>keeping an eye on <\/span>children\u2019s language development, <\/span>while <\/span>considering<\/span> cultural differences, <\/span>to<\/span> spot any difficulties and intervene<\/span> early.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-211739″ text_font=”font-555555″ text_weight=”800″ sub_reduced=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”735582″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]My Language, My Roots[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_single_image media=”5448″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”137795″][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” border_color=”transparent” uncode_shortcode_id=”107837″ css=”.vc_custom_1719562313719{border-top-width: 10px !important;}” border_color_type=”uncode-palette”]Deepen your thinking based on your personal situation:[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”462936″]- Based on my own values and cultural background, which languages are important for me for my child to learn?
\n– How can I strengthen\/value this language or these languages every day?
\n– Who are my allies when it comes to stimulating my child\u2019s language in different contexts (e.g., family environment, daycare or school, neighbourhood\/community)?[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”2″ top_padding=”2″ bottom_padding=”0″ back_color=”color-128047″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ inverted_device_order=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”108356″ back_color_type=”uncode-palette”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ equal_height=”yes” gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”200818″ limit_content=””][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-211739″ uncode_shortcode_id=”988475″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]Welcoming the Child[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”173052″]<\/p>\n

Integrating into a new environment and learning a second language can cause a culture shock for Indigenous children. Look at the document below for some tips on how to help children\u2019s integration in this type of situation.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_button button_color=”accent” size=”btn-lg” text_skin=”yes” border_width=”0″ link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fapi-enfance.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F07%2FSC.Welcoming_the_child-WP.pdf|target:_blank” button_color_type=”uncode-palette” uncode_shortcode_id=”627036″]Download the document[\/vc_button][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”right” position_vertical=”bottom” align_horizontal=”align_right” gutter_size=”0″ override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/3″ uncode_shortcode_id=”476005″][vc_single_image media=”4955″ media_width_percent=”100″ alignment=”right” uncode_shortcode_id=”505649″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”2″ top_padding=”2″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”292160″][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/2″ uncode_shortcode_id=”532807″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-211739″ text_font=”font-555555″ text_weight=”800″ sub_reduced=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”197987″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]Learning Multiple Languages[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_single_image media=”5451″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”138063″][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”113726″]Depending on the type of bilingualism that best applies to the child, which stage best represents how my child communicates most of the time?[\/vc_column_text][vc_accordion panel_event=”box-resized” no_lazy=”yes” typography=”advanced” label_border=”yes” content_border=”yes” title_padding=”yes” gutter_simple=”0″ titles_size=”h5″ uncode_shortcode_id=”780838″ active_tab=”0″][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=”1″ column_padding=”1″ title=”- Simultaneous bilingualism: the child learns two languages at the same time before the age of three.” tab_id=”1717571247-1-35″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”123944″ css=”.vc_custom_1721832907140{padding-left: 50px !important;}”]\u03bf The child does not differentiate between the two languages, hence uses the first words that come to mind, regardless of the language.<\/p>\n

\u03bf The child begins to differentiate between the two languages and understands that the same object is named differently in each language.<\/p>\n

\u03bf The child chooses to use one language rather than the other depending on the situation or the person to whom they are talking to (ex: English in daycare, Cree at home).<\/p>\n

\u03bf The child expresses themself mostly in one language, even if they are proficient in both (primary vs. second language).[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=”1″ column_padding=”1″ title=”- Sequential bilingualism: the child first learns their primary language and is exposed to a second one after the age of three.” tab_id=”1717571247-2-69″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”206773″ css=”.vc_custom_1719567006407{padding-left: 50px !important;}”]\u03bf The child tries to express themself in their primary language, because they have not yet mastered the second one.<\/p>\n

\u03bf The child listens to others but remains silent because they are not yet comfortable expressing themself in the second language.<\/p>\n

\u03bf The child uses simple words from the second language or memorized expressions.<\/p>\n

\u03bf The child understands well and is beginning to converse in the second language.<\/p>\n

\u03bf The child can communicate easily in both languages, although they may sometimes mix them up.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_accordion_tab][\/vc_accordion][vc_button button_color=”accent” size=”btn-lg” text_skin=”yes” border_width=”0″ link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fapi-enfance.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F10%2FWP.Sequential_Bilingualism-Steps.pdf|target:_blank” button_color_type=”uncode-palette” uncode_shortcode_id=”114708″]Download the Sequential Bilingualism Steps[\/vc_button][\/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/2″ uncode_shortcode_id=”925257″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-211739″ text_font=”font-555555″ text_weight=”800″ sub_reduced=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”973667″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]Developing Language[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_single_image media=”5454″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”134183″][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”177551″]- What resources are available in my community to support children\u2019s language development?
\n– Where can I find them?[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ back_color=”color-115460″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ inverted_device_order=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”944489″ back_color_type=”uncode-palette” css=”.vc_custom_1718176662081{margin-top: 25px !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_row_inner limit_content=””][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image media=”6498″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”131263″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-211739″ uncode_shortcode_id=”162540″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]Language Development Screening Tool for Indigenous Children
\n[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”175777″]<\/p>\n

Suggestion: Fill in the grid corresponding to the child’s age to get an idea of the expected language skills.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_button button_color=”accent” size=”btn-lg” text_skin=”yes” border_width=”0″ link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fapi-enfance.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2026%2F01%2FLanguage_Development_Screening_Tool-Indigenous-V3.pdf|target:_blank” button_color_type=”uncode-palette” uncode_shortcode_id=”100005″]Download the Screening Tool[\/vc_button][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”2″ top_padding=”2″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ content_parallax=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”807151″][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″ uncode_shortcode_id=”182182″][vc_custom_heading text_size=”h4″ uncode_shortcode_id=”829551″]Bilingual Children
\n[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”158822″]<\/p>\n

To interpret the grids<\/strong> correctly with a bilingual child<\/strong>, you can check whether the child is doing what is expected for their age in at least one language. When determining the number of words used by the child, add up the words that they use in all the languages they speak.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text text_lead=”small” uncode_shortcode_id=”234821″]Note:<\/span> If there are types of body language or gestures that are not appropriate for your language\/culture, it would be preferable to not consider them (e.g., eye contact).<\/em><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space empty_h=”1″][vc_single_image media=”5347″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”284945″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”2″ top_padding=”0″ bottom_padding=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”849978″][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ back_color=”color-128047″ overlay_alpha=”50″ radius=”xl” shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″ uncode_shortcode_id=”653084″ back_color_type=”uncode-palette”][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=”0″ force_width_grid=”yes” overlay_alpha=”50″ equal_height=”yes” gutter_size=”2″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”282034″ limit_content=””][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”left” position_vertical=”middle” gutter_size=”0″ overlay_alpha=”100″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/12″ uncode_shortcode_id=”430708″][vc_single_image media=”5245″ media_width_use_pixel=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”348237″ media_width_pixel=”40″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”11\/12″][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=”144020″]Interactive Activities[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”919120″]Explore the activities below to share elements of your culture while stimulating children\u2019s language and having fun![\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner limit_content=””][vc_column_inner width=”1\/3″][vc_button button_color=”color-185027″ size=”btn-lg” text_skin=”yes” border_width=”0″ button_color_type=”uncode-palette” uncode_shortcode_id=”559258″ link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fapi-enfance.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F07%2FSC.Activity_Nursery_rhymes-WP.pdf|target:_blank”]Nursery Rhymes[\/vc_button][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/3″ uncode_shortcode_id=”171452″][vc_button button_color=”color-185027″ size=”btn-lg” text_skin=”yes” border_width=”0″ button_color_type=”uncode-palette” uncode_shortcode_id=”108631″ link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fapi-enfance.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F07%2FSC.Activity-Talking_stick-WP.pdf|target:_blank”]Talking Stick[\/vc_button][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/3″][vc_button button_color=”color-185027″ size=”btn-lg” text_skin=”yes” border_width=”0″ button_color_type=”uncode-palette” uncode_shortcode_id=”109483″ link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fapi-enfance.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F07%2FSC.Activity-Treasure_chest-WP.pdf|target:_blank”]Treasure Chest[\/vc_button][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”70″ back_image=”5293″ back_position=”center top” overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”195616″][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”90″ radius=”xl” shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/2″ uncode_shortcode_id=”194664″ css=”.vc_custom_1717084322547{border-top-width: 4px !important;border-right-width: 4px !important;border-bottom-width: 4px !important;border-left-width: 4px !important;}”][\/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ back_color=”color-gyho” overlay_color=”color-lxmt” overlay_alpha=”50″ radius=”xl” shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/2″ uncode_shortcode_id=”133338″ back_color_type=”uncode-palette” overlay_color_type=”uncode-palette”][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ equal_height=”yes” gutter_size=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”195986″ limit_content=””][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”right” position_vertical=”middle” align_horizontal=”align_right” gutter_size=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/6″ uncode_shortcode_id=”168123″][vc_single_image media=”4830″ media_width_use_pixel=”yes” alignment=”right” uncode_shortcode_id=”660017″ media_width_pixel=”40″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_vertical=”middle” align_horizontal=”align_center” gutter_size=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”2\/3″ uncode_shortcode_id=”812400″][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”783666″]<\/p>\n

Listen to the nursery rhyme Kuei<\/strong>
\n(innu-aimun language)<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”left” position_vertical=”middle” gutter_size=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/6″ uncode_shortcode_id=”147458″][vc_single_image media=”4830″ media_width_use_pixel=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”285246″ media_width_pixel=”40″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_single_image media=”4826″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”547422″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”0″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_single_image media=”5343″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”130598″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”2″ top_padding=”2″ bottom_padding=”3″ overlay_alpha=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ border_color=”color-gyho” border_style=”solid” shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”796219″ border_color_type=”uncode-palette”][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”2″ back_color=”color-gyho” overlay_alpha=”100″ radius=”xl” shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ zoom_width=”0″ zoom_height=”0″ width=”1\/1″ uncode_shortcode_id=”182749″ back_color_type=”uncode-palette”][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=”0″ force_width_grid=”yes” overlay_alpha=”50″ equal_height=”yes” gutter_size=”2″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”922382″ css=”.vc_custom_1718179845099{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}” limit_content=””][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”left” position_vertical=”middle” gutter_size=”0″ overlay_alpha=”100″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/12″ uncode_shortcode_id=”185633″][vc_single_image media=”5214″ media_width_use_pixel=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”609877″ media_width_pixel=”40″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”11\/12″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”366649″]<\/p>\n

Indigenous Languages in Quebec<\/h2>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”178494″]<\/p>\n

Of the 11 languages of the Indigenous Peoples in Quebec, two are practically no longer spoken, but are being revitalized: Wendat and Wolastoqey latuwewakon (Maliseet). Aln8ba8dawaw8gan (Abenaki) is in a critical situation, while three other languages are endangered: Kanien\u2019Keh\u00e0:Ka (Mohawk), Mi’kmawi’simk and Anishnaabemowin (Algonquin). The other five \u2013 Innu-aimun, Atikamekw nehirowimowin, Iiyiyuu ayimuun (Cree), Iyuw iyimuun (Naskapi) and Inuktitut – are better preserved.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space empty_h=”1″][vc_row_inner limit_content=””][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ align_horizontal=”align_center” gutter_size=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″ uncode_shortcode_id=”139248″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”171664″]<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s value Indigenous languages,<\/h3>\n

to preserve this precious cultural heritage!<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][vc_column_text text_lead=”small” uncode_shortcode_id=”186063″]Sources : Drapeau Lynn, Les langues autochtones du Qu\u00e9bec : \u00e9tat des lieux et propositions pour l\u2019action. Beaulieu Alain, Les Autochtones et le Qu\u00e9bec : Des premiers contacts au Plan Nord.<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”0″ top_padding=”0″ bottom_padding=”0″ back_color=”color-211739″ overlay_alpha=”50″ equal_height=”yes” gutter_size=”2″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ inverted_device_order=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”594460″ back_color_type=”uncode-palette” css=”.vc_custom_1718096803389{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_column column_width_use_pixel=”yes” position_vertical=”middle” gutter_size=”3″ override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”4″ align_mobile=”align_center_mobile” mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/2″ uncode_shortcode_id=”584111″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-xsdn” heading_semantic=”h6″ text_font=”font-555555″ text_size=”h1″ text_weight=”800″ uncode_shortcode_id=”213206″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]Did you know?[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” text_color=”color-xsdn” uncode_shortcode_id=”298412″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The name “Canada” comes from the Wendat language, a deformation of “kanatha”, meaning “city” or “village”.<\/p>\n

The name “Qu\u00e9bec” is borrowed from an Algonquian language: “kebec” means “narrowing, narrow passage”, referring to the narrowing of the St. Lawrence River. It is also said to be related to the Mi’kmaq word “gepe’g”, meaning “blocked”.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”left” align_horizontal=”align_right” gutter_size=”3″ back_image=”5077″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”4″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/2″ uncode_shortcode_id=”338270″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”5″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”5″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”1″ override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”2″ back_color=”color-147154″ overlay_alpha=”50″ radius=”xl” shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″ uncode_shortcode_id=”779649″ back_color_type=”uncode-palette”][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=”0″ force_width_grid=”yes” overlay_alpha=”50″ equal_height=”yes” gutter_size=”2″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”193104″ css=”.vc_custom_1718179132613{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}” limit_content=””][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”left” position_vertical=”middle” gutter_size=”0″ overlay_alpha=”100″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/12″ uncode_shortcode_id=”106315″][vc_single_image media=”5216″ media_width_use_pixel=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”197643″ media_width_pixel=”40″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”11\/12″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”278848″]<\/p>\n

Learn more about all Quebec’s Indigenous nations…<\/span><\/h2>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_tabs vertical=”yes” typography=”advanced” active_txt_color=”color-210211″ uncode_shortcode_id=”153789″ active_txt_color_type=”uncode-palette”][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Abenakis” tab_id=”1717148016282-11-8″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”868061″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Abenakis<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”148784″]Population and Territory<\/strong>
\nOdanak and W\u00f4linak, the two Abenaki communities in Quebec, are found on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River, near Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, between Sorel and B\u00e9cancour. There are over 3,000 Abenakis in Quebec, of which at least 400 reside in Odanak and W\u00f4linak. Hundreds of Abenakis live outside of their communities, scattered throughout North America.<\/p>\n

Language<\/strong>
\nAbenaki belongs to the large Algonquian linguistic and cultural family. In Quebec, Abenakis speak French, and many of them also know English. The Abenaki language is still spoken by some Elders.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Anishinaabeg (Algonquin)” tab_id=”1717139363-2-89″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”203491″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Anishinaabeg (Algonquin)<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”349547″]Population and Territory<\/strong>
\nOut of 12,607 Anishinaabeg, approximately 6,000 live in the 9 communities of the nation. Seven of the Algonquin communities are located in Abitibi-T\u00e9miscamingue, more precisely in Hunter\u2019s Point, Kebaowek, Lac-Simon, Kitcisakik, Pikogan, Timiskaming, and Winneway. The other two, Lac-Rapide and Kitigan Zibi, are in the Outaouais region.<\/p>\n

Language<\/strong>
\nAnishinaabemowin is spoken in most communities; some Elders do not know English or French. As a second language, the Anishinaabeg use English or French, and many are trilingual.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Atikamekw” tab_id=”1717139421244-2-10″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”103095″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Atikamekw<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”468316″]Population and Territory<\/strong>
\nThe Atikamekw, numbering around 8,000, mainly inhabit Manawan, in the northern region of Lanaudi\u00e8re, as well as Wemotaci and Opitciwan in Haute-Mauricie.<\/p>\n

Language<\/strong>
\nAtikamekw is spoken by the entire population, while French is used as a second language.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Eeyou (Cree)” tab_id=”1717139451540-3-4″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”325792″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Eeyou (Cree)<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”131514″]Population and Territory<\/strong>
\nWith approximately 21,000 people, the Crees are among the most populous Indigenous nations in Quebec. The nine Cree communities are located on the shores of James Bay (Waskaganish, Eastmain, Wemindji, and Chisasibi) and Hudson Bay (Whapmagoostui), as well as inland (Nemaska, Waswanipi, Mistissini, and Ouj\u00e9-Bougoumou).<\/p>\n

Language<\/strong>
\nThe entire population speaks the Cree language, while English is the second language for the majority. Many people, especially the youth, also speak French.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Innu” tab_id=”1717139453058-4-2″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”125447″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Innu<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”748084″]Population and Territory<\/span><\/strong>
\nSeven of the nine Innu communities in Quebec are scattered along the north shore of the St. Lawrence River. These are Essipit, Pessamit, Uashat-Maliotenam, Mingan, Nutashkuan, Unamen Shipu (La Romaine), and Pakuashipi. Another community, Mashteuiatsh, is located at Lac-Saint-Jean, while Matimekosh-Lac-John is next to Schefferville. The Innu nation has more than 16,000 people, making it the third most populous Indigenous nation in Quebec, after the Mohawk and Cree nations.<\/span><\/p>\n

Language<\/span><\/strong>
\nInnu-aimun is the primary language spoken by the majority of the nation’s members, with French being their second language. Innu people from Labrador, on the other hand, speak English as their second language.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Inuit” tab_id=”1717139455923-5-0″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”157909″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Inuit<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”172002″]Population and Territory<\/strong>
\nIn Quebec, the Inuit live in Nunavik, a vast territory north of the 55th parallel. The population of Nunavik – around 12,000 Inuit – is spread across 14 villages with populations ranging from 100 to 1,700. These villages, several hundred kilometers apart, are found on the shores of Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay. Around 100 Inuit live in Chisasibi, a Cree village on James Bay.<\/p>\n

Language<\/strong>
\nInuktitut includes five main dialects in Canada: Inuvialuktun (from the Inuvialuit region of the Northwest Territories), Inuinnaqtun (from western Nunavut), Inuktitut (from eastern Nunavut), Inuktitut (from Nunavik) and Nunatsiavumiuttut (from Nunatsiavut). Many Inuit also speak French or English, and some are trilingual.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Kanien’keh\u00e0:ka (Mohawk)” tab_id=”1717139457042-6-6″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”174863″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Kanien’keh\u00e0:ka (Mohawk)<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”265129″]Population and Territory<\/span><\/strong>
\nWith a population of nearly 20,000, the Mohawk are Quebec’s most populous Indigenous nation. They are grouped into three communities: Kahnawake, Akwesasne and Kanesatake. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Language<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe Mohawk usual language is English. Many speak Kanien’keh\u00e0 (Mohawk), and an increasing number speak French.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Mi’kmaq” tab_id=”1717139462708-7-1″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”186135″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Mi’kmaq<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”129590″]Population and Territory<\/span><\/strong>
\nQuebec is home to over 5,000 Mi’kmaq, divided into three groups. In Gasp\u00e9sie, the Listuguj community has a territory at the mouth of the Ristigouche River, while the Gesgapegiag community has one at the mouth of the Cascap\u00e9dia River, near the municipality of Maria. As for the 510 or so Mi’kmaq who make up the Gespeg Band, they have no reserve territory and live mainly in Gasp\u00e9 and Montreal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Language<\/span><\/strong>
\nMi’kmawi’simk is taught at school and spoken by many members of the Listuguj and Gesgapegiag communities. English is the second language. The Mi’kmaq of Gespeg speak mainly French, and more and more young people are fluent in both French and English.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Naskapi” tab_id=”1717139463883-8-2″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”205551″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Naskapi<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”135670″]Population and Territory<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe Naskapi nation numbers around 1,450 people, over 930 of whom live in Quebec’s only Naskapi village, Kawawachikamach, located in northern Quebec, about 15km from Schefferville.<\/span><\/p>\n

Language\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>
\nNaskapi is spoken by the entire population, with English as a second language.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Wendat” tab_id=”1717140141309-9-0″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”182182″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Wendat<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”150150″]Population and Territory<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe Wendat nation is one of the most urbanized nations in Quebec. Their only community, Wendake, is next to Quebec City. Some 1,500 people live there.<\/span><\/p>\n

Language<\/span><\/strong>
\nThey speak French. The Wendat language is considered extinct, but research is underway to ensure its revitalization.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][vc_tab gutter_size=”2″ column_padding=”1″ title=”The Wolastoqiyik (Maliseet)” tab_id=”1717140178861-10-4″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-210211″ separator_color=”yes” separator=”under” uncode_shortcode_id=”922288″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]<\/p>\n

The Wolastoqiyik (Maliseet)<\/span><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”145220″]Population and Territory<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span>
\nSome 780 Wolastoqiyik live in Quebec. They are not grouped into communities, but live scattered across the territory. The Wolastoqiyik Wahsipekuk First Nation has a reserve territory, designated Kataskomiq, located in Whitworth Township, near Rivi\u00e8re-du-Loup, and a small lot in Cacouna.<\/span><\/p>\n

Language<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span>
\nThe Maliseet living in Quebec speak French, and many also speak English. Wolastoq is still spoken by some in Maine (USA) and New-Brunswick.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tab][\/vc_tabs][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”90″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”187413″][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=”160926″]Thank You to Our Valued Partners![\/vc_custom_heading][vc_gallery el_id=”gallery-197427″ isotope_mode=”cellsByRow” medias=”4729,3999,4720,4697,4010,5602,5705,5743,5297″ gutter_size=”4″ media_items=”media|nolink|original,icon” screen_lg=”1000″ screen_md=”600″ screen_sm=”480″ single_width=”3″ single_overlay_opacity=”50″ single_overlay_anim=”no” single_text_anim=”no” single_image_anim=”no” single_padding=”2″ single_border=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”365847″ title=”Clients”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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